Telegraphy.



PATENTED SBET. 26, 19,05.

PQW. JONES. TELEGRAPHY. PPLIATION FILED APR. 3, 1905.

PATENT OEEIOE.

i EEANois w. JONES, OE NEw YORK, N. Y.

TELEGRAPHY.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 26, 1905.

Application iiled April 3, 1905. Serial No.- 253,381.

To all whom it may concern,.-

Be it known that I, FRANOIS W. JONES, a citizen of the United States,residing in the city of New York, in the county and State of Newl York,have made certain new and useful Improvements in Telegraphy, of whichthe following is a specification.`

My invention relates to multiple telegraphs of the class in which one ormore sets of signals are transmitted by varyinga continuous current,each elemental part of the code or signal being composed of a straightcurrent impulse of one or the other polarity, such elements varying inlength or duration, and one or-more additional sets of signalstransmitted by varying the length and succession of groups of short andrapid current alternations, each elemental partof the code or signalbeing composed of short andrapid current alternations divided intogroups of varying length and predetermined succession. VIn other words,one set of signals may be transmitted by a code like the Morse code,where dots and dashes are formed of straight current impulses varying inlength and succession, while the second set of signals may be4transmitted by the same code, the dots and dashes being formed of groupsof rapid alternations of current of varying length and succession.

The object of my invention is to increase the carrying capacity of aconductor or circuit-and the effectiveness of transmitted impulses atthe receiving-station.

I provide a telegraph-circuit having terminal stations equipped withbalanced apparatus in the form of apolar duplex,\where signals aretransmitted by reversals of straight current impulses, to which Isometimes add a neutral side or set of signals, where Variations'incurrent strength are'employed for a second set of signals. On suchaduplex or quadrupleX circuit I superpose one or more sets of signals tobe transmitted and received by throwing upon the line groups of shortand rapid reversals of current, the groups being divided into relativelylong and short groups with suitable spaces betweenl groups to representthe Morse or similar code. At each such point or station there is alocal or separate circuit containing an alternating-current generatorand la suitable receiving instrument, each in a branch by itself andboth inductively connected with the main line or circuit through themedium of a transformer. Between each terminal station and the rstoradjacent transformer I place' a suitable convthe return-conductor.

erated by the key 3, the

denser in a branch line connected to earth or Between the point ofconnection of this condenser branch and the terminal station I place aninductance, which may be an electromagnet or a coil with amovable core,by which-the inductance maybe graduated. To compensate for the presenceof these added instruments in the main line or circuit, the articiallines at the terminal stations are provided with devices which impartthe same capacity, resistance, and inductance occurring or appearing inthe main line, and these electrical and electromagnetic charac-.teristics are arranged in the artificial line in the same successionand with the same effect in which they appear in the neutral line. By.this means I-am enabled to operate between intermediate points orstations simultaneously with the exchange of two or four com-`munications between terminal stations, and

'thus increase the carrying capacity of the wire or circuit.

The accompanyingfdrawing illustrates my invention.

a; and b are two terminal stations. station there is a balanced polarrelay r, havingl one coil in the main line and a differential coil inthe artificial line. There is a pole-changing transmitter p controllingtwo straightcurrent-machine generators and y of opposite polarity. Thereis a condenser k ink a branch circuit around each generator to form apath aroundthe generators for any alternating impulses that may pass thebranch 7 at the substation. The instruments at station a are the same asthose at station b, except as regards the artificial line toY bedescribed.

1 and 2 are Morse keys, each controlling a local circuit and thepole-changing transmitter p.

c and Z are two intermediate stations.

If we assume that station a is New York and station is Boston, station cBridgeport and station 0l Hartford, we shall have a con- At each l creteidea of the arrangement andrelative pov 10 11. g is a generator of shortand rapid alternations of current in the same local circuit.

t is a continuity-preserving transmitter opsame'key at station 0l beingdesignated 4.

The generator g has one brush connected to the primary of thetransformer e by the wire I'Io 9. The other brush of g is connected tothe contact-stop of the transmitter t by the wire lO. The spring-contactof the transmitter t is connected to the opposite terminal of thetransformer by the wire 11.

q is a polarized relay. One terminal is connected to one brush of thegenerator g by the wire 12. rlhe other terminal of relay q is connectedto one plate of the condenser f. The other plate of said condenser isconnected to the back contact-stop of the transmitter t by the wire 13.The relay q is a polarized relay and when subjected to alternatingcurrents its tongue stands at an intermediate pointbetween the stops.Upon a cessation of current the spring provided for it holds the tongueagainst the closed contact-stop. This relay operates the so-calledbug-trap-that is. a repeating-sounder in a local circuit operating areading-sounder through a second local circuit, all as well understood.

21 and 22 represent sectional resistance in the artificial line tobalance the ohmic resistance of the main line.

20 represents condensers to give the artificial line the naturalcapacity possessed by the main conductor m.

C is a condenser in a branch 7, connecting with main line and earth orreturn-conductor. There is such a branch 7 in close proximity to eachstationadjaeent to a terminal stationthat is, the condenser branches 7are placed upon opposite sides of the stations c CZ.

z' is an inductance preferably having an adiustable iron core. Thefunction of this inductance is to choke or retard impulses Vfrom thegenerator g and confine such impulses to the section of the line mbetween the condenser branches 7.

In the artificial line 37 is a condenser having the same capacity as thecondenser in the branches 7.

The ohmic resistance between stations a and c is neglected. The ohmicresistance between the stations c and l is one thousand ohms, and lconnect the condenser 37 at station on the opposite side of theresistance 21, amounting to one thousand ohms, so that the discharge ofthe condenser will encounter the same constants in the artificial linethat the discharge of the condenser branch 7 encounters in the naturalline, the effect on the relay r being equal and opposite as regards timeand quantity. t

50 is a transformer having its secondary closed upon itself through aresistance such that the electromagnetic effect in the artificial lineat substantially reproduces the effect of the transformer e in the linem at station CZ. The resistance between stations d and c is representedby one thousand ohms, and the resistance 21 in the artificial line atstation is one thousand ohms. The device 51 is a transformer with onecoil closed on itself to give the same effect as is due to thetransformer e at station c. rlhe condenser 27 has the same capacity asthe condenser (3 in branch 7 at station c, and the resistance 22 atstation is of the same amount as the resistance of the line m betweenstation c and the earth at station a. Referring now to station u, therelative position of the apparatus in the artilieial line is somewhatdifferent. ',lhe condensers 2O are the same; but the condenser 37.having thel same capacity as the condenser (i, branch 7, is notseparated by an artilicial resistance interposed between it and thecondensers 20, for the reason thatstation c is negligibly near thestation a. The transformer 52 has its secondary closed through aresistance to compensate for the transformer c at station e. ',lheresistance 21 compensates for the resistance of the conductor m betweenstations c '.lhe transformer 53 with one coil closed through aresistance con'ipensates for the transformer e at station d. Thecondenser 27 at station ly compensates for the condenser (l in branch 7at station (Z, and the resistance 22 in the artificial line at station ais equal to the resistance of the conductor fm. between station and theground at station In the operation o f this apparatus the terminalstations (l` and simultaneously exchange signals and messages byreversals in the polarity ofl straight-current impulses, thetransmitters p operating to connect iirst the generator a' and then thegenerator ,l/ to line, thus marking the beginning and termination of theelements of a code-signal. 'lhe relay 7' is balanced and neutral tooutgoing signals while responding to incoming signals from the distantterminal station, the artificial line at each terminal station beingequipped with characteristic devices in ell`ect and in relative positionsuch that transmitted impulses are equal in the opposing coils of thehome relay fr. An additional set of signals is simultaneously exchangedwith those just described between the stations r and (I. The generators0 are continuously operating. When the key 3 at station c is closed, thegenerator g is placed on a closed circuit t) 1() 11, including` theprimary of the transformer e, Impulses are reproducedin the line iny andin the transformer e at station (Z, appearing in the local circuit whichnorn'ially includes the branches 11 13, condenser f, polarized relay q,wires l2 and 9. rl.`he dots and dashes due to the operation of the keys3 or t are composed of groups of alternating impulses of varying length.The alternations on the line m travel over a circuit including thccondenser branches 7 and the earth or return conductor between saidbranches. rlhese iinpulses do not pass the condenser branches 7 becauseof the presence of the inductanec What I claim, and desire to secure byLetters Patent, is-

1. Two intermediate stations having means for exchanging signals bydividing an alternating current into groups of varying length said meansconsistlng of an lntermediate sec-y ductively connected with the line,including a suitable relay, an alternating generator and a transmittingdevice; in combination with two terminal stations having means forsimultaneously exchanging two sets of signals by dividing a continuouscurrent into impulses of Varying length said means consisting of aconnection with said main line vand an articial line, 'at each terminal;a differential relay having one coil in each line, a transmitter branchconnected to the main and artificial lines including a transmittingdevice, suitable generator and means in said artificial line forestablishing a coincident balance of` electrostatic and electromagneticeffects, said means consisting of the following devices connected withrespect to said articial line in the order named, c'. e. a condenser 20to balance the static capacity of the line, a resistance 21 to balancethe resistance of the line between stations I) and d, an inductance tobalance inductance iV at station d, a resistance 21 to balance theresistance of the line betweenstations 0l and c, an inductance 51 tobalance inductance 7l at station c, a' condenser 27 to balance-condenserC at station c and a resistance 22 to balance the line-resistancebetween stations c and a.

2. Two intermediate stations having meansV for exchanglng lsignals byd1v1d1ngV an alter-` nating current into groups of varying length saidmeans consisting of an intermediate vsection of a main telegraph-line,two condensers,l each having one plate connected to said line and one tothe ground and two inductances in the line, outside oit' and adjacent tosaid condensers; and at each station a local circuit inductivelyconnected with the line, including a suitable relay, an alternatinggenerator and a transmitting device; in combination with two terminalstations having means for simultaneously exchanging two sets of signalsby dividing a continuous current into impulses of varying length saidmeans consisting of a connection with said nnainl line and an arti-'cial line, at each terminal; a differential relay having one coil ineach-line, a transmitter branch connected to the main and artificiallines including a transmitting device, suitable generator and means insaid artificial line for establishing'a coincident balance ofelectrostatic and electromagnetic effects, said means consisting of thefollowing devices connected with respect to said artificial line in theorder in which the same effects occur in the main line c'. e. acondenser to balance the static capacity of the line, a sectionalresistancefto balance the sectional resistance's of the line betweenstations, inductances to balance the inductances at the intermediatestations, and condensers to balance the condensers in the branch linesatthe intermediate stations.

FnANcis w. JONES.

